4,7,10,13,16-Pentaoxanonadeca-1,18-diyne | CAS 159428-42-9

4,7,10,13,16-Pentaoxanonadeca-1,18-diyne is a long-chain bis-alkyne click chemistry reagent featuring two terminal diyne/alkyne functionalities separated by a polyether scaffold, enabling orthogonal and modular conjugation strategies in chemical biology and materials research. As a diyne/alkyne-bearing building block, it is commonly selected for copper(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) workflows and related alkyne-based bioconjugation schemes, where spatial control and linker length strongly influence probe accessibility. Its extended, ether-rich backbone supports solubility and flexible presentation of reactive termini, making it useful for constructing multivalent imaging handles, surface-tethered libraries, and polymer or biomaterial conjugates.

1. Multivalent Probe Labeling

4,7,10,13,16-Pentaoxanonadeca-1,18-diyne is widely used as a spacer-enabled labeling reagent when researchers need to install two alkyne-reactive termini onto azide-bearing biomolecules, affinity ligands, or probe scaffolds. The long polyether linker helps maintain local mobility of the conjugated groups, which is particularly valuable for generating multivalent imaging or detection reagents where steric accessibility affects binding-site engagement. In chemical biology workflows, this reagent supports the preparation of dually functional constructs such as bifunctional affinity reagents, dual-color labeling intermediates, and multivalent platforms for studying macromolecular interactions.

2. Surface Functionalization Platforms

4,7,10,13,16-Pentaoxanonadeca-1,18-diyne is employed in materials chemistry to create surface-tethered functional layers by coupling its alkyne termini to azide-functional surfaces or surface-bound azide linkers. The extended, flexible polyether backbone is advantageous for reducing nonspecific surface crowding and for presenting reactive or capture groups away from the substrate, improving accessibility in assays and surface-based characterization. Typical downstream uses include patterned functional coatings, sensor surface modification, and preparation of immobilized reagent libraries for high-throughput screening of binding or interaction modalities.

3. Polymer and Hydrogel Conjugates

4,7,10,13,16-Pentaoxanonadeca-1,18-diyne serves as a linker building block for incorporating clickable alkyne handles into polymer systems and hydrogel networks that are assembled via azide–alkyne coupling strategies. The reagent’s long, ether-rich chain can be used to tune mechanical and swelling behavior while simultaneously providing attachment points for post-polymerization functionalization. Researchers commonly integrate it into macromolecular conjugates to introduce reactive sites for subsequent attachment of dyes, targeting motifs, or affinity groups, enabling modular material design for imaging-compatible biomaterials and reagent-functionalized soft matter.

4. Molecular Imaging Reagent Construction

4,7,10,13,16-Pentaoxanonadeca-1,18-diyne is used in molecular imaging reagent development to build distance-controlled conjugates that carry multiple clickable handles for attaching reporters, chelators, or imaging moieties to azide-functional precursors. The two alkyne functionalities allow sequential or parallel incorporation into complex probe architectures, supporting workflows that require controlled spacing between the imaging label and the recognition element. In practice, this reagent is selected to improve probe modularity and to manage steric presentation in fluorescent, luminescent, or other label-based imaging toolchains used in chemical biology and analytical research.