Metal Probe

BOC Sciences provides a series of probes that can be used to detect different metals, including aluminum probes, nickel probes, cobalt probes, mercury probes, etc.

Aluminum Probes

The detection of aluminum ions has important physiological significance. BOC Sciences offers a series of water-soluble high light stability probes (dye molecules) that are sensitive to aluminum ions (Al³⁺). Our probes are very bright and easy to use. The aluminum ion probe we provide is a unique fluorescent probe that has a higher selectivity for aluminum than other dissolved cations. It can detect and quantify dissolved aluminum (Al³⁺). It is an open-type fluorescence sensor. This means that the fluorescence of the solution increases with the increase of the dissolved aluminum concentration and can be easily excited in a wide wavelength range of 280-400 nm. In the presence of aluminum ions, the fluorescence emission is very strong around 420 nm.

Nickel Probes

The latest interest in Ni²⁺ comes mainly from its use to detect and isolate oligohistidine fusion proteins by metal chelate affinity chromatography. Newport Green DCF indicator (N7990) is an ultra-sensitive probe for Ni²⁺ in solution. ref 100 µM Ni²⁺ can increase the fluorescence intensity of Newport Green DCF reagent by about 13 times without spectral shift. Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ enhanced the fluorescence of the indicator to a lesser extent. Newport Green DCF diacetate (N7991) has been used to measure Ni²⁺ uptake by cells in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Ref Newport Green DCF and Newport Green DCF diacetate have also been used with flow cytometry to detect human-related Ni²⁺ -binding metal protein nickel allergy, and are the most common form of human hypersensitivity to contact. The AM ester of ref Newport Green PDX (N24191) is the same as the bis- (2-pyridylmethyl) amine chelator contained in Newport Green DCF, and it should be demonstrated that it has a similar detection effect on Ni²⁺.

Metal probe Figure 1. Spectral lines of nickel.

Mercury Probes

The combination of Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Hg²⁺ strongly affects the fluorescence of several of our traditional Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ indicators. Fura-2 and quin-2 bind to Cd²⁺ with extremely high affinity. Fura-2's excitation response to Cd²⁺ (almost the same as its Ca²⁺ response) has been used to monitor cell uptake of Cd²⁺ and image free Cd²⁺ within cells. Binding of heavy metals to rhod-5N has also been reported. Rhod Kd (Cd²⁺) of -5N was determined to be 1.4 nM. Magfura-2 AM has proven to be useful as an intracellular Cd²⁺ indicator, and indo-1 AM can be used to simultaneously determine the concentration of Ca²⁺ and Cd2 in a cell + or Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺. It has also been reported to use fura -2 AM (to measure the concentration of cytoplasmic Ba²⁺, such as the detection of Cd²⁺ at a pH of 13.3 using fluorescence method of calcein (C481). Fura-2 or indo -1 is used as an intracellular indicator to monitor the entry of Pb²⁺ into cells. Ionomycin can effectively and efficiently transport Pb²⁺ into cells. 19 F NMR can also be used to detect the use of fluorinated BAPTA derivatives.

Reference:

M Dohmeier, C.; et al. Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions. Angewandte Chemie International Edition.1996, 35 (2): 129–149.

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